The Sikorsky S-43 Baby Clipper was a twin-engine amphibious aircraft manufactured in United States during the 1930s.
Design and development
The S-43 first flew in 1935, and was a smaller version of the Sikorsky S-42 "Clipper". It accommodated between 18 and 25 passengers, with a separate two-crew forward cockpit. The S-43 was known as the "Baby Clipper" in airline service.

On April 14, 1936, an S-43 with a 500 kilograms (1,100 lb) payload, piloted by Boris Sergievsky, set an altitude record for amphibious aircraft when it reached an altitude of 27,950 feet above Stamford, Connecticut. Also aboard was designer Igor Sikorsky.

In total, approximately 53 S-43s were built, including examples of the twin-tailed S-43B.
Operational history
The S-43 was used primarily by Pan American World Airways for flights to Cuba and within Latin America. Inter-Island Airways of Hawaii (Inter-Island changed its name to Hawaiian Airlines in 1941) was the launch customer for the S-43. Inter-Island operated four S-43's to ferry Pan-Am Clipper passengers and local residents from Honolulu throughout the Hawaiian Islands. Inter-Island sold its only twin-tail version to KLM. One aircraft was purchased by Norwegian airline Det Norske Luftfartselskap. Panair do Brasil operated seven aircraft. Five S-43s were used between 1937 and 1945 by the French company A?romaritime on a colonial airway between Dakar (Senegal) and Pointe-Noire (Congo). Reeve Aleutian Airways owned two S-43s during the 1950s, one operational (N53294 purchased 1948 and trade for G-21 in 1957) and one for spares (fuselage at Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum). Another S-43 was operated in Alaska with an unknown operator, wrecked at Chignik, AK, 1950s.

Five aircraft were acquired by the U.S. Army Air Corps in 1937 under the designation OA-8 and were used for transport of freight and passengers. 17 aircraft were procured by the U.S. Navy between 1937 and 1939 as the JRS-1, two of which served the U.S. Marine Corps. One JRS survived in service at the end of 1941.

The Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Virginia has now put a Sikorsky JRS-1 on display. This aircraft was on duty at Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941.

Two aircraft went to private owners: Harold Vanderbilt and Howard Hughes. Hughes' S-43 N440 remains the last example of this aircraft type flying . It is now owned by Kermit Weeks and has been relocated from Texas to the restoration facility at the Fantasy of Flight Museum in Polk City, Florida where it is awaiting reassembly and restoration.
Below S-43













Below JRS-1















Specifications (S-43)
General characteristics
Crew: 2
Capacity: 19 pax
Length: 51 ft 2 in (15.60 m)
Wingspan: 86 ft 0 in (26.21 m)
Height: 17 ft 8 in (5.38 m)
Wing area: 780.6 sq ft (72.52 m2)
Airfoil: root: NACA 2218; tip: NACA 2212[18]
Empty weight: 12,750 lb (5,783 kg)
Gross weight: 19,500 lb (8,845 kg)
Fuel capacity: 100 US gal (83 imp gal; 380 l) in four wing tanks
Powerplant: 2 ? Pratt & Whitney R-1690-52 Hornet 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engines, 750 hp (560 kW) each at 7,000 ft (2,100 m)
Propellers: 3-bladed Hamilton Standard variable-pitch propellers
Performance
Maximum speed: 178 mph (286 km/h; 155 kn) at sea level

190 mph (170 kn; 310 km/h) at 7,000 ft (2,100 m)

Cruise speed: 166 mph (267 km/h; 144 kn) at 7,000 ft (2,100 m)
Alighting speed: 64 mph (56 kn; 103 km/h)
Range: 775 mi (673 nmi; 1,247 km) at 7,000 ft (2,100 m) at 70% power
Service ceiling: 19,000 ft (5,800 m)
Rate of climb: 1,000 ft/min (5.1 m/s)
Wing loading: 25 lb/sq ft (120 kg/m2)
Power/mass: 13 lb/hp (7.9 kg/kW)
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